Long-form research, data studies, and downloadable PDFs examining UPI, Aadhaar, ONDC, DigiLocker, Account Aggregators, and the public infrastructure shaping a billion lives.
Each report goes through a multi-stage review with domain experts, sourced from primary data, regulatory filings, and field interviews. Every PDF is freely downloadable.
A structural look at how 11 billion monthly transactions move through NPCI, what it costs, who earns, and where the next inflection points lie as credit and cross-border settle onto the same network.
How face authentication, offline verifiable credentials, and the new Aadhaar 2.0 stack are reshaping KYC, subsidy delivery, and consent-based identity across India's public services.
A data-led review of consent flow volumes, FIU coverage, and lending conversion. The first multi-bank dataset on where AA-based underwriting is actually working and where friction persists.
A buyer-and-seller level analysis of ONDC transaction gravity, category mix, network fee economics, and the structural differences from the closed marketplaces it aims to unbundle.
An empirical reading of how the DPDP Act is reshaping consent managers, breach disclosure, and the new fiduciary duties borne by data processors across fintech, healthtech, and edtech.
How 660 million registered users and 7.4 billion issued documents behave under load, and what issuer APIs, consent flows, and verifiability look like in the long tail of state departments.
Our reports aren't surface-level explainers. They are built from primary data, regulatory filings, and dozens of expert interviews — then reviewed by domain practitioners before publication.
Every quantitative claim is tied to a source — NPCI disclosures, MeitY dashboards, RTI filings, RBI bulletins, and anonymised transaction datasets shared by partners. We publish appendices with the raw extracts.
Read our data principlesEach report is shaped by structured interviews with regulators, founders, policy researchers, and operators across the stack. Names are kept confidential when requested, but every quote is attributable by role.
Browse expert topicsEvery report is published as a free PDF with a permanent URL. Citations are inline, datasets are linked, and we maintain a public corrections log when something needs updating after publication.
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